17 January 2015

A Homily from the Archives: On losing your feet, and being swept off on the Way

The calendar can sometimes be a curious thing. Take tomorrow, for example. The date and the liturgical day and readings are the same as they were six years ago. With this confluence in mind, I thought it might be good to bring the homily I preached six years ago out of the archives for you. It happens to be one of my favorite homilies.



The Second Sunday in Ordinary Time (Year B)

The celebrated author, J.R.R. Tolkien, put these words into the mouth of his illustrious hobbit, Bilbo Baggins: “It’s a dangerous business, Frodo, going out of your door.  You step into the Road, and if you don’t keep your feet, there is no knowing where you might be swept off to.”[1]  It is advice that Bilbo himself did not keep and neither did Frodo, for they found themselves swept up in the story of the Ring.

It is advice that Andrew also did not keep, for he was swept up in the story of Jesus Christ.  When Andrew took his first step away from John the Baptist and after Jesus, he had no idea where that step would take him.  He did not know that that one step would bring him to the multiplication of the loaves or would find him bringing the Greeks to Jesus (cf. John 6:8-15 and 12:20-26).  Nor did he know that that first step, if he let himself be carried away and swept up into the life of the Savior, would take him to Patras to give his life for Christ on an X-shaped cross.  Bilbo’s words are true indeed.

What did Andrew see in Jesus that led him to drop everything and follow him?  Why did he follow Jesus who, as Pope Benedict says, “did not give him answers but required him to trust”?[2]  He may not have heard the answer to his questions, but he knew that the one who passed by was himself the Answer.

Andrew was a disciple of John the Baptist, which meant that he was looking for something, for someone.  This is why Jesus asked him, “What are you looking for” (John 1:38).

Andrew knew that John, whom he first followed, “was sent from God” and that he came “to testify to the light, so that all might believe through him” (John 1:6-7).  Andrew sought this Light, the Lamb of God, the Messiah.

What is it that you and I seek?  There is one thing that each of us seeks, even if we do not quite know how to express it: we desire the happy life, but we often do not know where or how we will find it.

Andrew knew that he could only find happiness in the Messiah, the Anointed One of God, and so for him he looked and waited.  His desire to wait for the Messiah shows him to be “truly a man of faith and hope.”[3]  The moment he heard John the Baptist say, as he pointed to Jesus, “Behold, the Lamb of God!” must have stirred him deep within, for at that moment he and another of John’s disciples followed Jesus, they took, that first step, which shows that he was also a man of deep courage and firm conviction (John 1:36, 37).

I took my first step after Jesus – not knowing where it would or will lead – many years ago.  The Lord first began to call to me through the two most decisive moments in my life: the deaths of my parents.  When my father died when I was seven and when my mother died twenty-one twenty-seven years ago today, I became like those two disciples who waited for the Messiah.

The words of the Psalmist could easily be my own: “I have waited, waited for the Lord, and he stooped toward me and heard my cry.  And he put a new song into my mouth, a hymn to our God” (Psalm 40:2,4).  I sought the Lord, I cried out for him, and when at last I found him in prayer, in the Scriptures and in the Sacraments, I stayed with him, I rested in him, and I learned from him.

I came to believe ever more strongly that “God raised the Lord and will also raise us by his power” (I Corinthians 6:14).  As a young boy, I learned all too well the frailty and brevity of life, along with its sufferings, and I knew, almost intuitively, that what Saint Paul said is true: “You are not your own.  For you have been purchased at a price.  Therefore glorify God in your body” (I Corinthians 6:1-20).

When I began my high school studies, I naturally began to consider my future and what it meant to glorify God in my body.  Slowly I began to realize that I could glorify God in my body only if I did what he wanted me to do and I knew that in doing his will I would find fulfillment, joy, and peace.  I knew the Psalmist was right, that “In the written scroll it is prescribed for me, to do your will, O my God, is my delight” (Psalm 40:8).  But what was his will?

At first, I decided to study history and be a teacher, but very soon after I began looking into colleges it became clear to me that this would not be a life I would find fulfilling.  Others would, but not me.  It might have been what I wanted – or at least thought I wanted – but it was not what God wanted.  I began to realize that the Lord was calling me to his priesthood.  And so I said to him, “Here I am, Lord; I come to do your will” (Psalm 40:8-9).

Why did the Lord choose me?  I do not know.  I only know that he calls whom he wills.  The Lord called to me slowly and in many ways through the circumstances of my life.  Like Samuel, hearing his call and recognizing it was a bit of a journey in itself and it took the help of others to recognize; just as Samuel needed Eli to hear the Lord and as Peter needed Andrew to hear his call, so I needed the help of my friends and fellow parishioners to hear his call for me.

My brothers and sisters, we know that the Eucharist is central to the life of the Catholic faith and that without priests we cannot have the Eucharist. 

We see in the call of Andrew, Peter, and John that the Lord called them to a deeper communion with him than he called his other disciples.  Before long, Jesus would choose from his disciples twelve men whom he called Apostles.  These Apostles were his ambassadors, those who would act in his name and carry on his mission, and their ministry has been passed down through the centuries through the Sacrament of Holy Orders.

As we consider the call of the Apostles, we see that the Lord Jesus did not simply call everyone to fulfill his ministry, nor did he call a random few.  He chose specific men to fulfill his mission for the forgiveness of sins.  The Lord Jesus continues to call certain men to himself, to stay with him, to be his ambassadors, his presence, in the world today, and he continues to call them personally.  He continues to call those whom he wishes to make his presence known through the forgiveness of sins and the Eucharist.

Regretfully, too few young men are responding to the call of the Lord with generous and courageous hearts; too many keep their feet, as it were, and will not allow themselves to be caught up in the life of Christ.

The call of the Lord can be ignored and it can be stifled, but it cannot be silenced.  If we consider again the fact that each of us wants the happy life, we know, too, that the Lord desires the happy life for each of us.  And, what is more, he knows what will bring us happiness better than we do, for it is he who made us.  If we knew what would bring us lasting happiness we would already have attained it.

My brothers and sisters, we know that the Eucharist is central to our life and faith and that without priests we cannot have the Eucharist.  Who will celebrate the Mass for future generations?  Who will absolve sins in the Lord’s name?  Who will anoint the sick?  Who will accompany us on our final journey?

Each of us needs to double our efforts and prayers to encourage young men to follow after Jesus Christ as his priests.  Priests do not simply fall out of heaven; they come from within families.  Could it be that the Lord is calling your son to the priesthood?  If he is, encourage him to respond generously and courageously.

It is true that a priestly life is not always easy, but no life is; even married life has its struggles and hardships.  “The Lord’s ways are not easy, but we are not made for ease.”[4]  We are made, rather, for virtue, for growth in holiness, which always involves a certain amount of difficulty as we die more and more to our desires and passions.  For some, holiness is attained through marriage; for others, holiness is attained through a life of priestly service.  In the end, holiness always leads to joy, for it is the will of God for us in Christ Jesus.

In the end, the question that all young men must ask is not so much, “What do I want from life,” but “What does not God want from my life; what does God want me to do?”  If the answer is to follow him as did Andrew, Peter, and John, if the answer is to be one of his priests, then that young man should gladly lose his feet and be swept up in the great adventure of Jesus Christ.

Let each of us, then, encourage young men to say to the Lord, “Speak, for your servant is listening,” and if the Lord is calling them to his service, “Behold I come” (I Samuel 3:10; Psalm40:8).  Amen!


[1] J.R.R. Tolkien, The Fellowship of the Ring: Being the First Part of the Lord of the Rings (New York, New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1994), 72.
[2] Pope Benedict XVI, General Audience Address, 17 May 2006.
[3] Ibid., 14 June 2006.
[4] Ibid., Address to his countrymen, 25 April 2005.

On the Pilgrim Shell

The Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, in which I have the honor to be a Knight, has four principle aims:
  • To strengthen in its members the practice of Christian life, in absolute fidelity to the Supreme Pontiff and according to the teachings of the Church, observing as its foundation the principles of charity which make the Order a fundamental means of assistance to the Holy Land;
  • To sustain and aid the charitable, cultural and social works and institutions of the Catholic Church in the Holy Land, particularly those of and in the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, with which the Order maintains traditional ties;
  • To support the preservation and propagation of the Faith in those lands, and promote interest in this work not only among Catholics scattered throughout the world, who are united in charity by the symbol of the Order, but also among all other Christians; and,
  •  To uphold the rights of the Catholic Church in the Holy Land.
We seek to fulfill these aims through daily prayer for our brothers and sisters in the Holy Land (especially through the intercession of Our Lady of Palestine), through our annual dues to the Order and other charitable gifts, and through at least one pilgrimage to the Holy Land, which, as you know, I recently completed.

The members of the Order who have completed a pilgrimage to the Holy Land and who have prayed at the Holy Sepulchre of the Risen Lord receive the Pilgrim Shell, the most significant decoration awarded by the Order, often from the Latin Patriarch himself.

The shell has long been the symbol of a pilgrim, in no small part due to the important medieval pilgrimage destination of Santiago de Compostela:
The identification of a seashell with a pilgrim is of ancient origin.  In the beginning, the shell was never awarded or conferred on the recipient as it is today.  Instead, it was a self-chosen decoration that the pilgrim proudly pinned on his own cloak, so that as he returned homeward, other pilgrims would know that the wearer had made it to the place of pilgrimage.

Legend has it that Saint James, the apostle, had been the apostle of the Iberian Peninsula and had first brought the Good News of salvation to the people of that part of the world.  He subsequently made his way back to Palestine to die and after death his body was returned to Spain to be buried in his own mission land in the city now called Santiago de Compostela, in honor of the apostle.  In the 9th Century, the place of his burial was rediscovered and gradually became a place of pilgrimage.

Before the first Crusade in the 11th Century, Christians were not allowed by the Seljuk Turks to visit the Holy Land and Jerusalem.  As a result, the faithful started to flow from all parts of Europe by different routes and streams, to pay homage to Our Lord at the spot where one of His apostles lay buried - Santiago de Compostela.  Each year thousands of pilgrims visited and prayed at the tomb of St. James.  Since Santiago de Compostela is so close to the sea, seashells were abundant and they became the badge of one who had traveled there.  As they started the long walk home, the shell on their garment was a symbol of encouragement to those whom they passed who were on their way to visit the Tomb of St. James.

As history changed, pilgrims once again started their arduous trips to Palestine and the land of Jesus, but the Sea Shell of Santiago de Compostela had become the sign of a successful pilgrimage, and out of faith and tradition it remained the badge of pilgrims [more].

I hope one day to make this pilgrimage, as well.

The Pilgrim Shell of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jersualem remains distinct from that earned by a pilgrimage to the tomb of Saint James, however, because it includes the Jerusalem Cross placed within the shell:

The Pilgrim Shell is worn on the cloak of a Knight or Lady at the center of the Jerusalem Cross on the left breast, or on the mozetta of a priest in the same location:

On 2 January 2015, my fellow pilgrims and I went to Latin Patriarchate to be received in audience by His Excellency the Most Reverend William Shomali, Auxiliary Bishop of Jerusalem. After speaking with us about the importance of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem and of the symbolism of the Pilgrim Shell, he awarded this decoration to me:

Bishop Shomali pins the shell to the mozetta.

Smiling for pictures gets a bit tiresome after a time.

15 January 2015

An early pilgrimage to the oldest icon of Our Lady

This morning, having a bit of a free day, I decided to make a trek across the Eternal City beyond the Basilica of St. Peter to ascend Monte Mario. It was a little pilgrimage to the Monastery of St. Mary of the Rosary to visit what may be the oldest icon in the world, the icon L'Avvocata, the Advocate to give thanks for the many graces given me throughout my pilgrimage to the Holy Land.

Paul Badde first introduced me to this remarkable image of the Mother of God last year, and since then the image has always close to my heart.


The icon comes, without doubt, from the first century, as is attested by carbon dating and the fact that the technique employed in the writing of the icon was only used in the first century and has now been lost to us.

An ancient legend associated with the icon says that the Apostles, gathered in the Upper Room after the Resurrection of the Lord, decided that Saint Luke should depict the Blessed Virgin Mary. It is said that when the Evangelist had traced the face of Our Lady that the image suddenly appeared in all its beauty, before Saint Luke even touched a color.

We know that the icon was taken to Constantinople and from there it was brought to Rome. It was first kept in the church of Santa Maria in Tempulo until Pope Sergius III (d. 911) transferred it to the Lateran Basilica to keep it with what was then called simply the Veronica (true image), what we know today as the Veil of Manoppello, but the icon someone made its way (the legend says miraculously) back to the church of Santa Maria.

In 1219, Pope Honorius III entrusted the icon to Saint Dominic, who entrusted it a community of Dominican nuns cloistered in the church of San Sisto on the Appian Way. In 1575 the nuns moved - with the icon - to the monastery of Saints Dominic and Sisto. Finally, in 1931 the nuns moved - again with the icon - to the monastery of Santa Maria del Rosario on Monte Mario, where they remain today and where the icon is greatly venerated.

Following her depiction in this icon, Our Lady has been called the Madonna of the Golden Hands (for obvious reasons) and also the Advocate. Her eyes are turned toward us, but her body is turned toward another. She holds her hands in a gesture of petition, bringing our needs before her Son.

Looking again upon this image this morning I could not help but notice how very Middle Eastern - Palestinian, even - she looks in this icon:


It was a very good way to begin the day.

After some thirty minutes in prayer, I made way back through the streets of Rome on what continued to be, even after 9:00 a.m., a very foggy morning. Though the fog had lifted from the streets by the time I made my way back to the Casa Santa Maria, it had not quite left the city altogether:


14 January 2015

A Curious Trio: Pompeii, the Visitation, and Saint Joseph

Before I left Rome to embark on my recent pilgrimage to the Holy Land, I first visited the city of Pompeii, both to see the ancient ruins of the city buried in volcanic ash and, more importantly, to ask the intercession of Blessed Bartolo Longo, whose relics are enshrined in the Basilica of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary (which he built).


Before his conversion, Bartolo Longo was a Satanic priest. After his conversion, he became an exceptional laymen who was deeply devoted to the holy rosary and also a Knight Grand Cross of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Supulchre of Jerusalem. It was his membership in the Equestrian Order - which has, as its principle concern, the support of the Christians in the Holy Land - that led me to seek his intercession for my pilgrimage as a Knight of the same Order.



After praying at his tomb, the priest who accompanied me and I made our way back through the basilica where this depiction of the Visitation of Our Lady to Saint Elizabeth caught my attention:


What caught my eye and gave me cause to ponder what I saw was the inclusion of Saint Joseph in the Visitation (I only just now noticed Zechariah in the doorway).

As I thought about the inclusion of the adoptive father of the Lord, it suddenly occurred to me, "Of course Joseph wouldn't have let Mary go on her own! What kind of man would have sent Mary on her own?!

As I left the basilica, I knew the prayers of Blessed Bartolo would accompany me on my pilgrimage, but I had no idea how close Saint Joseph would be to me.

After we visited the homes of Mary and Joseph at Nazareth, I went away with a much deeper appreciation of their courage and faith, each in their own way, especially on the day we drove from Nazareth to Ein Karem, where Zechariah and Elizabeth:

Interior of the Church of the Visitation
Our journey on the bus from the Sea of Galilee through the hill country of Judah took two hours. Imagine walking that distance, or perhaps riding a donkey, while pregnant.

Looking out from the Church of the Visitation
What Saint Luke calls the hill country of Judah we would call mountains (see Luke 1:39). It cannot have been an easy journey for her. Riding that distance in comfort brought home to me all the more clearly what I suddenly realized at Pompeii: Of course Joseph would have gone with her!

Mosaic on the facade of the Church of the Nativity
Joseph's accompanying of the Blessed Virgin to visit her kinswoman has been remembered in the Holy Land and his presence is not forgotten in the image on the front of the church built over the home of the parents of Saint John the Baptist. Why this took me so long to realize is simply beyond me.

Throughout the pilgrimage, and especially after visiting the Church of the Visitation, I knew I wouldn't to return with some sort of a reminder of Saint Joseph. I do, after all, bear his name. However, finding good images of him is not as easy as one might think, not even in the Holy Land, but on the day we stopped at a Christian store specializing in hand-carved olive wood, I found just the item:


It is a small, 8" olive wood devotional shrine (that weighs more than you'd think) to Saint Joseph carved by local Christians. Unfortunately, the photo doesn't quite do it justice.

The news you may have missed - 14 January 2015

Here's a bit of news you may have missed:
  • The principal of W. F. Burns Middle School in Valley, Alabama has written to the parents of her pupils to explain that the students will soon be armed with cans of food (yes, you read that correctly) to defend against possible attacks. A friend from high school suggested the students also be armed with frozen pork chops to defend against Islamic terrorists.

13 January 2015

Revisiting the age for Confirmation

I have long been in favor of restoring the appropriate order of the Sacraments of Initiation and of ending the nonsensical notion of the Sacrament of Confirmation as an individual person's acceptance of the faith for himself (which is not found in any of the Church's books or documents).

With this in mind, you can imagine my delight to read Richard Becker's argument for rethinking the age for Confirmation. Part of his reasoning is as follows:
Current practice puts the accent on confirmation as a sacramental goal line, and so it is incorrectly perceived as the “source and summit of the Christian life” instead of the Eucharist. And not only does confirmation come last in line, but it also generally involves a great deal of preparation—a full year or more of instruction and formation, for example, along with any number of obligatory service projects. All those mandates can give the misleading impression that confirmation is not only the most important sacrament, but also one that must be earned.
First Holy Communion prep was, by comparison, so simple: A few crafts and some worksheets, maybe a banner, and that was it. There was never any question that the Eucharist could or should be earned, and the only real requirement was that the communicant be able to recognize the difference between ordinary elements on the one hand, and the Eucharist on the other. It was all so elementary because, well, the recipients were in elementary school.
According to the Church, kids reach the age of reason around their seventh year, and at that point they have adequate intellectual and, presumably, spiritual resources to prepare for not only confirmation, but penance and Eucharist as well. Our actions, however, indicate that confirmation is so serious that it requires greater spiritual maturity and intelligence, and so we push it off until the teen years.
This was not the ancient practice of the Church. This is not the practice of the Eastern Churches. Nor is it always the current practice in the Western Church, even in the U.S.A. I, as another example, was confirmed when I was baptized on the day I was born (I wasn't expected to live long).

Please, let's return to looking at the Sacrament of Confirmation for what it is, a strengthening of baptismal grace, rather than what it never was.

12 January 2015

What about the Nigerians?

As more than 1,00,000,000 people marched through the streets of Parish - including several heads of state - to protest the Charlie Hebdo murders committed by Islamic terrorists, Nigerian Christians were mourned the massacre of some 2,000 inhabitants of the northern Nigerian city of Baga at the hands of Boko Haram, a Islamic terrorist group aimed at creating a caliphate in Nigeria. And the world paid little attention. Consider this:

After years of bloodshed and destruction wrought by Boko Haram, some people are finally now beginning to pay attention to what has been happening in the north of Nigeria. The Guardian's Maeve Shearlaw yesterday was bold enough to ask a very important question: "Why did the world ignore Boko Haram's Baga attacks?"


There are no easy answers to this question, but as I continue to watch Boko Haram spread and grow, I cannot help but ask the same question.

Speaking with the Fides News Agency yesterday, His Excellency the Most Reverend Ignatius Kaigama, Archbishop of Jos, said:
I am thinking about the big demonstration which took place in Paris against the killings in France. I hope even here a great demonstration of national unity will take place, to say no to violence and find a solution to the problems plaguing Nigeria
I hope he does not have to wait long to see such demonstrations, in Nigeria and elsewhere, but given that Boko Haram has been active for several years now - as I've been demonstrating here - and the world has largely ignored it, this seems unlikely.

Even Pope Francis has said very little about those suffering under Boko Haram, which declared the creation of a caliphate last September. Yesterday he condemned the human trafficking taking place there, though not Boko Haram, saying,
Sadly, comparable acts of brutality, which not infrequently reap victims from among the poor and the most vulnerable, are found in other parts of the world as well. I think in particular of Nigeria where acts of violence continue to strike indiscriminately and there is a constant increase in the tragic phenomenon of kidnappings, often of young girls carried off to be made objects of trafficking. This is an abominable trade which must not continue! 
How long will the world be silent? How long must the Nigerians wait before we march in solidarity with them? How will until we have worldwide day of prayer for them?

Pope Francis names Auxiliary Bishop of New Orleans - My hometown mentioned in daily bulletin

A few moments ago His Holiness Pope Francis named a new Auxiliary Bishop of New Orleans: Father Fernand Cheri, O.F.M.

The Bishop-elect is a son of Saint Francis of Assisi in the Sacred Heart Province and until now was Director of Campus Ministry at my alma Mater, Quincy University and Coordinator for Black Catholic Ministry of the Office for Social Concerns and Respect for Life of the Diocese of Springfield in Illinois.

Congratulations, Bishop-elect Cheri! It's not everyday both my hometown and my alma mater are mentioned in the daily bulletin of the Holy See!

UPDATE: Here is his biography via the National Black Catholic Congress.

Conflicted about cancelled classes

There are few things that bring greater joy to a student than the unexpected cancellation of class. Thus was my experience last week when I learned on Thursday afternoon my Latin class Friday afternoon (1:30 - 3:00, a miserable time for class) was cancelled, without explanation.

After my morning classes concluded today, I learned that Latin is again cancelled this afternoon. It's a beautifully bright day here in Rome under a perfectly blue sky and the free time will afford a welcome and lengthy walk through the city.

While the news again brought much joy, I can't help but feel a bit conflicted; I like not having class, but I hope he's feeling okay. This isn't a professor keen on missing classes - let alone two in a row - and he's also one of the finest men I've ever met (and the only professor I currently have that actually talks with his students).

If you would, please say a prayer for my professor, and for the students who now have a second free afternoon.

11 January 2015

Did Frodo foresee Peter Jackson's changes to The Hobbit?

One of the priests living here at the Casa Santa Maria is working his way through J.R.R. epic work, The Lord of the Rings. We've had a few conversations about the brilliance of Tolkien's writings and the importance of his faith and he knows well my thoughts regarding Peter Jackson's cinematic adaption of The Hobbit, especially the changes made in The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug.

For this reason, the priest sent an e-mail alerting me to something Frodo says to Gloin - an "amusing line," as he called it - about halfway through the chapter titled "Many Meetings" in Book II of The Fellowship of the Ring:
'I will come and see them [the words of the Dwarves in Dale and under the Mountain], if ever I can,' said Frodo. 'How surprised Bilbo would have been to see all the changes in the Desolation of Smaug!'
Was Frodo something of a prophet?

My thoughts on the "selfie" confirmed by science

Researchers at Ohio State University have found that men who post "selfies" may be both narcissistic and psychopathic:
The research, published in the journal of Personality and Individual Differences, looked at 800 men between the ages of 18-40 who completed an online survey about how many photos they posted on social media, and another questionnaire looking at their personality traits.

It also found men who edited their selfies before posting them were more likely to have traits of narcissism but editing selfies was not linked to psychopathic traits.

I didn't need to conduct a study to reach this same conclusion back in April.

And people wonder why the first psychologists and therapists where Catholic priests, nuns, and monks. You don't need a study to reach these conclusions; you simply need to know something about human nature.

The tomb, and the cloth that covered His face

Ever since I first became aware of the Veil of Manoppello, I have wanted to do nothing more than to look inside the tomb of the Lord Jesus. It was this passage from Paul Badde's excellent and intriguing book, The True Icon: From the Shroud of Turin to the Veil of Manoppello (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2012) that first instilled such a longing within me:
After mentioning "the linen cloths" twice, John speaks once again specifically about the "napkin, which had been on Jesus' head" [Jn 20:5-7]. He describes its location with puzzling precision: the fact that it was "not lying with the linen cloths but rolled up in a place by itself". This soudarion was lying lying there by itself, separate from the other cloths. John attaches great importance thereto in this extremely concise text. If that was the case, however, it must have been lying on the ground. Otherwise there was no "place by itself" apart from the stone bench on the right side of the narrow passageway. Indeed, directly behind the bench, the bedrock wall projects straight upward. The bench is not a bed where something can disappear into a nook or cranny. The design of this particular sepulcher simply allows no other place "by itself" or "alongside"; its clear structure translates the position of the little cloth unambiguously from the text into reality. In this room, "not lying with the linen cloths" could only mean on the floor of the chamber, at the feet of the apostle Peter (89-90).

Over the last year or so, I have made the little pilgrimage from Rome to Manoppello to look upon the Holy Face three separate times.

Photo: Paul Badde
Each time I did so, my longing to look inside the tomb and to see for myself where this mysterious little cloth came from increased all the more. This was, in fact, the primary goal - simply to look within the tomb - behind my recent pilgrimage to the Holy Land with Steve Ray; I wanted to see with my own eyes and so better to understand what happened that first Easter morning inside the tomb of Christ Jesus.

In piecing together the story of what he calls the "missing link of Easter night," Badde asks a couple of very insightful questions. When Peter finds the tomb empty,
Why did he not run out immediately to John and then with him to the Roman prefect? Why did he not exclaim also, "They have taken the Lord!" Why did not dash off to the other apostles to consult with them about what they should do now, or to the Sanhedrin to shout, "You can't do that: first you kill our Master, and then you secretly get rid of him! He is still a Jew like you. Did he not at least have the right to rest in peace with the dead? What other outrage do you plan to commit?" Why, then, did he not run with John to Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus, who had laid Jesus in the tomb and rolled the great stone in front of it? Why not? Why does the narrative now completely change course from Mary Magdalene and her realization, "They have the Lord out of the tomb, and we do not know where they have laid him?" Peter, after all, was not more intelligent, wiser or more prophetic than Mary Magdalene. Jesus could only have been carried off; what else? Maybe by Romans, maybe by robbers, by whomever: yet he was gone. No longer there. Simply gone. That is how the women had seen it, and so Peter saw and felt it now - with just one difference (91).
The one difference is found not within Peter, but within the tomb itself; the one difference is that cloth rolled up in a separate place. Badde continues:
For now Peter had suddenly glimpsed something else in the shadowy darkness on the floor. At his feet the light was caught in something distinct, as the wind is caught in a shrub. Like a flicker from the burning bush. It shimmered golden, bronze. If it had been lying on the bench with the other cloths, the first rays of dawn would not have been able to lay hold of it; Peter would not have been able to see it or to feel it with his fingers, because it was so extremely fine. Only on the floor could it have been in by the light. No light at all fell on the bench - impossible. Because of the low entrance, the light could only fall on the floor. On the bench with the cloths, everything remained in the shadows. Only on the floor could Peter see something, and what he now saw there was delicate as woven breath and so fine that Peter would not have seen it either, had it been lying on the ground. Yet it was wrapped, tied, rolled, crumpled or folded up. The Greek verb entylisso that John uses can mean all these things.Thus, the expression makes just one thing clear: it was not lying there flat. It was a haze, but it must have been recognizable somehow as a "thing", as an "object" that caught the first rays of dawn. Naturally, Peter bent down and picked it up. It was the precious little cloth that had lain on Jesus' face, the finest sea silk. It was as light as an angel's feather as Peter picked it up, unfolded it and held it against the light of the entrance. What else? He must have held it that way, not toward the interior of the dark chamber, but up to the light. It was, however, a cloth of light. It reacts to light.



What Peter saw now in that tomb on the veil against the morning light made it in a blink of the eye as clear as the sun: no one had taken the Lord from the tomb. Jesus had not been stolen and carried away. Something completely new was in the world now. It was unheard of, what Peter glimpsed in the blue hours of the first Easter morning here, on that transparent fabric held against the light of the entrance. Here suddenly Christ was looking at him! With open eyes! No man had ever seen this before. This cloth was "not made by human hands", as was said later. It was the true image. Three days earlier Peter had said that he did not know that man. Hours later he had had to watch from a distance and hear how Jesus, streaming with blood, cried out again on the cross and died. Peter was still reeling from the shock - when now suddenly Christ himself looked out at him from the veil in his hand. Now he knew him. Now he recognized him immediately. "In thy light we see light," Israel had read for centuries in the Book of Psalms [Ps. 36:9]. Did that verse occur to him? Or did he already remember then the earlier intimations of Jesus that "the Son of man must ... be killed, and on the third day be raised" [Lk 9:22]? We do not know. Only one thing do we know. Besides the bewildering emptiness of the linens in the tomb, this message in pictures read, "I live." Jesus was no longer dead. The only thing corresponding to this image was not another image, no icon or other sort of portrait; the only thing corresponding to what he saw was the living man (91, 93).
It was at this very moment that John "saw and believed" (Jn 20:8).

The Apostles took those cloths with them from the tomb and over the centuries they were taken to various places in the world. The cloth that was wrapped lengthwise around his head to keep his jaw closed is now housed in Cahours, France. The cloth that was wrapped around his head to collect the blood of his face and mouth is now housed in Oviedo, Spain. The cloth that was wrapped lengthwise around his body - the Shroud - is housed in Turin, Italy. And that last cloth that covered his face - the most important one because it bears clear witness to his Resurrection - is housed in Manoppello.

As I said, all I dared ask of the Lord was simply the grace to look inside the tomb. In his great kindness, he gave something more: the grace to offer the Holy Mass within his very tomb. For thirty-five minutes I stood within the tomb. All through the Mass my mind returned again and again to the Veil of Manoppello and to that first Easter morning. Having seen both the Veil of Manoppello and having stood within the tomb, I can say that what Badde describes must be true; there simply is no other explanation for the cloth that bears the living face of the Lord Jesus.

10 January 2015

Black and white photo of the day - Looking down the Jordan River

Looking down the Jordan River from the site of the Baptism of Jesus

With whom is the Father well pleased?

The site of Jesus' baptism by John the Baptist in the Jordan River
As Holy Mother Church celebrates tomorrow the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord, many preachers will be tempted to take the final verse of the Gospel which will be proclaimed and apply it to those sitting in the pews: "You are my beloved Son[/Daughter]; with you I am well pleased" (Mark 1:11).

This tendency is troubling on many levels, the greatest of which is the seemingly constant desire of preachers today (and their listeners) to make everything in the Sacred Scriptures self-referential, that is, referring to each one of us at all times as individuals. Not every verse of the Bible refers to me or to you, and that should not bother us. Altering the text and meaning of this particular verse to apply to each person who has been baptized into Christ takes away the very purpose of the text as a theophany of the Messiah.

Applying these words to me or to you hides - or at least distorts - the tremendous significance of this act of condescension on the part of Jesus. As Joseph Ratzinger / Benedict XVI writes:
Looking at the events in light of the Cross and Resurrection, the Christian people realized what happened: Jesus loaded the burden of all mankind's guilt upon his shoulders; he bore it down into the depths of the Jordan. He inaugurated his public activity by stepping down into the place of sinners. His inaugural gesture is an anticipation of the Cross. He is, as it were, the true Jonah who said to the crew of the ship, "Take me and throw me into the sea" (Jonah 1:12). The whole significance of Jesus' Baptism, the fact that he bears "all righteousness," first comes to light on the Cross: The Baptism is an acceptance of death for the sins of humanity, and the voice that calls out "This is my beloved Son" over the baptismal waters is an anticipatory reference to the Resurrection (Jesus of Nazareth: From the Baptism to the Transfiguration [New York: Doubleday, 2007], 18).
What happened in the Jordan River is not so much about us, but about Him.

The Baptism of Christ, by Giotto

In his advice given to the young bishop Timothy, Saint Paul gives him a solemn charge:
I charge you in the presence of God and of Christ Jesus, who will judge the living and the dead, and by his appearing and his kingly power: proclaim the word; be persistent whether it is convenient or inconvenient; convince, reprimand, encourage through all patience and teaching. For the time will come when people will not tolerate sound doctrine but, following their own desires and insatiable curiosities, will accumulate teachers and will stop listening to the truth and will be diverted to myths. But you, be self-possessed in all circumstances; put up with hardship; perform the work of an evangelist; fulfill your ministry (II Timothy 4:2-5).
This admonition should be heeded by everyone entrusted with the sacred task of preaching, for an evangelist never points to himself, but always to Christ Jesus. We do a lot of encouraging today, but how often do we reprimand or convince?

It is certainly true that the Father is well pleased in us we live as friends of his Son. Jesus himself tells how live in such a way: "You are my friends if you do what I command you" (John 15:14). If a preacher decides to alter the wording or meaning of Mark 1:11, he should be aware that not everyone (maybe not even a significant number) to whom he would apply these words of the Father is living as a friend of the Son and he should reprimand them and convince them to live as such. God loves us as we are, yes, but he also requires something of us.

That being said, the Father speaks these words - "You are my beloved Son" - to reveal the divinity of his only-begotten Son, Jesus. Anything else is reading rather a lot into the text.

Commenting on this equivalent verse recorded by Saint Luke, Saint Bonaventure reminds us that,
In such a way, therefore, testimony to the Christ is manifested in a voice from the Father, in a dove from the Holy Spirit, and in light by the Son (Commentary on the Gospel of Luke, 3.56. Emphases original).
Just a few lines before, the Seraphic Doctor puts it even more clearly when he states,
Therefore, the you mentioned here is to be taken distinctly, because there is no other" (Commentary on the Gospel of Luke, 3.55. Emphases original).
We see this distinctness particularly in the readings Mother Church proclaims together with this passage of the Gospel.

For example, it is true that these words of the Lord spoken through the prophet Isaiah might be applied to me or to you, "I have formed you" (Isaiah 42:6), these words can certainly not be applied to me or to you, "until he establishes justice on the earth" (Isaiah 42:4).

Please, my fellow preachers, keep this you distinct.

Did Jesus make angels in the winter snow?

In his inquisitive and memorable song "Boy Like Me," Rich Mullins asks of Jesus, "Did you ever make angels in the winter snow?"



It certainly is possible that the Child of Bethlehem did so, for it does snow with some regularity in the Holy Land. Riding through the Holy Land on a bus, I was greatly surprised to see how unlike a desert the Holy Land is.

Consider this picture of Manger Square taken yesterday and shared by the Facebook group Christmas in Bethlehem:


As much as I would like to be back in the Holy Land, it seems I left just in time. So far, this continues to be my first winter without seeing any snow in person.

08 January 2015

Why should you go pilgrimaging with Steve Ray?

Here I am with Lady Janet and Sir Steve after I received the Pilgrim Shell
When first I decided to fulfill my duty as a Knight of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre to go on pilgrimage to the Holy Land, I considered simply pilgrimaging on my own - or perhaps with another priest or two from the Casa Santa Maria - to Jerusalem and Bethlehem over our Christmas break. As I considered this possibility, two principal questions occurred to me: How do I choose local guides, and, Is this a safe and good idea?

To help answer these questions, I sent an e-mail to Steve Ray, the excellent Catholic apologist and convert from the Baptist tradition. I knew of him mostly from some of his many articles and his time on Catholic Answers Live, but also a little through his blog (which you should follow). I explained to him that I don't generally enjoy traveling with a full bus of people (you tend to spend too much waiting for people to arrive) and that I was particularly looking to be able to spend some time in prayer at the various holy places (and to meet with the Patriarch to request the Pilgrim Shell of the Equestrian Order). His response was for me to give him a call, which I did, and the rest is, as they say, history. It was one of the best phone calls I have ever made.

As I talked with him, I knew I should join his pilgrimage, despite the cost. Steve freely admits that his pilgrimages cost more than other pilgrimages, but, if I may say so, the added cost is well worth it. The pilgrimage put together by Steve and Janet Ray so far surpassed any and all of my hopes and expectations that I think I should tell you why you should go pilgrimaging with them:

Assisting the Christian Population

As members of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, Steve and Janet are very concerned for our brothers and sisters still remaining in the Holy Land. For this reason, whenever possible, Steve and Janet conduct business with Christians. We stayed in hotels owned by Christians. We ate in restaurants owned by Christians. Our one - yes, only one - shopping excursion was to a Christian co-op. Both our local guide and our driver were Christians. Because they are a decreasing minority, it is imperative that pilgrims support and patronize Christians businesses in the Holy Land. 

Two Bases of Operations

Though we were in the Holy Land for eight days, we only stayed in two hotels: one in Tiberias on the shore of the Sea of Galilee (with every room looking onto the sea) and one in Jerusalem (just outside the Old City and very near the church of the Holy Sepulchre). This required us to do a bit of driving each day to get to our destinations, but it also meant that we only had to change hotels once, which was very nice. We stayed three nights in Tiberias and five in Jerusalem. On the last day, Steve and Janet reserved the rooms for an extra day so the pilgrims who left on the last day (about 7:30 p.m.) could check out of their rooms in the evening after taking a shower and freshening up before their flights home (otherwise they would have checked out of their rooms about eight hours before going to the airport).

The Spirituality of Pilgrimage

The pilgrimage never once felt like a tour. This was due to numerous factors: Mass celebrated each day at the holy sites (most notably within the very tomb of Christ); the recitation of the corresponding mystery of the rosary at the various holy sites; biblical reflections and histories given on the bus rides, as well as Steve's conversion story and the vocation stories of the priest(s) and seminarian(s); and no stops for shopping each day. Shopping was reserved to the day we were in Bethlehem, with a specially arranged visit to a Christian co-op shop. They even made rosaries made by nuns in Bethlehem available for purchase at the very beginning of the pilgrimage so we could touch them to the holy places along the way.

Avoiding the Crowds

Steve and Janet, together with their local guide (Amer) and driver (Assam) - with whom they work each time - do everything in their power to avoid the crowds so as to have better opportunities for prayer at the various sites. This sometimes means early departures from the hotel - and sometimes walks through the dark in the Old City of Jerusalem - or adjusting the itinerary on the fly (as we thought we'd have to do when we caught wind that 40 busses of Italians would likely be following us) but it is well worth the effort and usually also means free late afternoons and evenings.

All Inclusive

The cost of the pilgrimage included every meal (usually including a soda or drink), lodging, and all tips and ticket costs (even a camel ride), when necessary. The only "out of pocket" expenses were incidental items like an occasional bottle of water or soda (like Dr Pepper, which can be found in several stores), a snack, and souvenirs and religious items to bring home for family and friends.

Steve Ray

I think it safe to say that you would be hard pressed to find a more knowledgeable and enthusiastic lover of the Sacred Scriptures and of the Holy Land itself than Steve Ray. The breadth and depth of Steve's knowledge of the Scriptures themselves and of the history of the Holy Land is truly impressive and inspiring. As I explained the benefits of this pilgrimage to a few of my friends before I left Rome, they said again and again, "And you get to travel with Steve Ray!" They were right and I'm glad now to call Steve a friend.

Your Fellow Pilgrims

PHOTO CREDIT: The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem


The ways of the Lord are often quite baffling, especially when it comes to the ways and reasons he brings groups of otherwise strangers together. My fellow pilgrims came from all across the United States of America (one of whom is living in London) and even one from New Zealand (who is also living in London). We represented a wide range of ages, interests and occupations, but we all wanted to pilgrimage with Steve for the same reason: to encounter the Lord Jesus in the Holy Land; there were no tourists among us (which can sometimes be problematic with more other so-called pilgrimages that are operated more as tours).

I cannot recommend enough that you join one of Steve's pilgrimages, especially to the Holy Land, but elsewhere, as well. I assure you, you will not regret it. I thoroughly enjoyed this pilgrimage and look forward to joining Steve and Janet again in the future.

06 January 2015

On the Epiphany, having returned from Bethlehem

Here in the Eternal City, we still celebrate the Epiphany of the Lord on its proper day, January 6th. In doing so, we remember that wondrous day when the Magi from the East "were overjoyed at seeing the star, and on entering the house they saw the child with Mary his mother" (Matthew 2:10-11).

Adoration of the Magi, Edward Burne-Jones

Today, one simple thought continues to run through my mind: I have been to the place where the Magi prostrated themselves before the King of heaven and earth. It is a humbling thought, and still somewhat difficult to believe, so wondrous and undeserved were the many graces of this pilgrimage.

Beneath the present Basilica of the Nativity in Bethlehem is preserved the cave in which the Blessed Virgin Mary gave birth to the Christ Child:

The silver star marks the place where Our Lord was born.
Naturally, an altar has been erected above the place where Mary gave birth to her Son. If you stand facing that altar today, a few steps behind you and a few steps down is preserved the cave where the Blessed Mother placed the Son of God in the manger:

The cave in which the baby Jesus was placed in the manger.
On the left, the site of the Lord's Birth; on the left, the site of the manger.

The Magi "departed for their country by another way," it is true, to avoid the wrath of King Herod, but also because in their adoration of the Child of Bethlehem they themselves were changed (Matthew 2:12). And because they were no longer the same, they could not return the same way they came.

Like the Magi, I, too, have left Bethlehem - and the rest of the Holy Land - changed, with a deeper understanding of the Scriptures and a greater love of Him who made that land holy. But we need not go all the way to Bethlehem to adore the newborn King (though I highly recommend doing so). As Benedict XVI observed at the World Youth Day in Cologne:
Dear friends, this is not a distant story that took place long ago. It is with us now. Here in the Sacred Host he is present before us and in our midst. As at that time, so now he is mysteriously veiled in a sacred silence; as at that time, it is here that the true face of God is revealed. For us he became a grain of wheat that falls on the ground and dies and bears fruit until the end of the world (cf. Jn 12: 24).

He is present now as he was then in Bethlehem. He invites us to that inner pilgrimage which is called adoration. Let us set off on this pilgrimage of the spirit and let us ask him to be our guide. Amen.