Showing posts with label Halloween. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Halloween. Show all posts

16 September 2016

The decline of American culture and politics, as seen in a Halloween parade

His Excellency the Most Reverend Charles J. Chaput, O.F.M. Conv., Archbishop of Philadelphia, gave the 2016 Tocqueville Lecture on Religious Liberty yesterday at the University of Notre Dame. He titled his lecture, "Sex, Family and the Liberty of the Church."
Within his remarks, Archbishop Chaput gave a rather blistering assessment of the current political situation in these United States of America (and it was not the first time he has done so in recent weeks):
Only God knows the human heart, so I presume that both major candidates for the White House this year intend well and have a reasonable level of personal decency behind their public images.  But I also believe that each candidate is very bad news for our country, though in different ways.  One candidate, in the view of a lot of people, is a belligerent demagogue with an impulse control problem.  And the other, also in the view of a lot of people, is a criminal liar, uniquely rich in stale ideas and bad priorities.

So where does that leave us?  The historian Henry Adams once described the practice of politics as “the systematic organization of hatreds.”  And there’s plenty in our current political season that invites cynicism.  But Christians don’t have that option.
I cannot say I disagree with his assessment. In fact, I think he has accurately described the current state of our political climate. The country I left three years ago when I began my studies in Rome is not the same country I returned to almost three months ago, and this saddens me greatly.

As it happens, I am one of those who sees one candidate as a belligerent demagogue and the other as a criminal liar. As such, I cannot, in good conscience, vote for either candidate of the two major parties; what your well-formed conscience tells you, I do not know.

I find myself thinking the same thought as Dr. Robert P. George, McCormick Professor of Jurisprudence at Princeton University, though he expresses it much more eloquently than I have previously managed to do:
I guess it will be my fault. Whichever way the election comes out, it's my fault. My friends who, for fear of Trump, are reluctantly but firmly supporting Clinton are telling me that unless I vote for her (not a chance!) I'm in effect voting for him. If he's elected, it's my fault. But my friends (there are more of them) who, for fear of Clinton, are supporting Trump, however reluctantly, are telling me that unless I vote for him I'm in effect voting for her. If she wins, it's my fault. So either way, it's my fault (or, as my friends on both sides say, "you own it"). But I'm still left baffled by the question of which one I'm actually voting for by not voting for either of them.
As I've considered my options these past many months, I'm intrigued by the American Solidarity Party, which is currently in something of its infancy, though I think it has a promising future.

When he surveyed the political landscape, which is necessarily shaped by the moral landscape of the country, Archbishop Chaput made this excellent observation:
But here’s my larger point: We’ve reached a moment when our political thinking and vocabulary as a nation seem exhausted.  The real effect that we as individuals have on the government and political class that claim to represent us – the big mechanical Golem we call Washington — is so slight that it breeds indifference and anger.

As Christians, then, our political engagement needs to involve more than just wringing our hands and whining about the ugly choice we face in November.  It needs to be more than a search for better candidates and policies, or shrewder slogans.  The task of renewing a society is much more long term than a trip every few years to the voting booth.  And it requires a different kind of people.  It demands that we be different people. 

Augustine said that complaining about the times makes no sense because we are the times.  And that means, in turn, that changing the country means first changing ourselves.
Be sure to read the entire text of the lecture he delivered at Notre Dame; you will not regret it.

This morning I was surprised to learn that the Halloween parade in Vandalia, Illinois - a town within the boundaries of the Diocese of Springfield in Illinois - will not involve the tossing of candy (or any candy, for that matter) this year. The decision was made by the Lion's Club, the organizing sponsor of the parade, after repeated warnings over the years. The reason for the decision is really quite reasonable:
The crowds have pushed further and further into the street requiring drivers of vehicles to constantly have to be on guard for children darting into the street to get that last elusive piece of candy.  Sadly, some parents actually push their children to run out and retrieve candy and some have created combative situations with crowd control personnel.  As has been stressed by the Lions in the past – this is extremely dangerous.  Large vehicles such as tractors and large 4 wheel drive trucks simply cannot see immediately in front of their vehicles [more].
Many people, both parents and children, will, I suspect, likely grumble and moan against the Lion's Club for this decision without ever realizing that they brought it upon themselves. This is, of course, what a self-centered culture leads to.

While Archbishop Chaput used the declining state of marriage and family life to highlight what needs to change in us as a people before our political climate changes for the better, he might just as easily - and just as effectively - have used the sad situation of the Vandalia Halloween parade. After all, if we are honest, this situation also stems from the declining state of marriage and family life.

20 August 2016

The spookiness of this Halloween meme is that people actually believe it

Halloween may be more than two months away, but that is not stopping the sharing of Halloween memes on Facebook, such as this one:


This afternoon alone, I have seen this meme three times on my timeline, and one of those shares was from a grade school teacher (yes, you should be frightened).

The facts of the meme are, of course, wrong on two simple counts:
  1. The 13th of October in the year 2016 does not fall on a Friday, but on a Thursday.
  2. Halloween never falls on the 13th of October, but on the 31st of October.
It should not take a great deal of thought to see how false this meme is. The spooky part about it is that people not only believe it, but also share it and so demonstrate their own lack of thought.

Unless people start thinking again and stop emoting, this could be a very scary Halloween.

And, no, Halloween did not originate with Samhain (I'm sure those memes will soon start making the rounds, as well).

22 October 2015

Why you shouldn't wear a Halloween costume to the Holy Mass

N.B.: I am re-posting this from a few days ago.

Even though Halloween is not at all pagan in origin, should children dress up in their costumes to attend the Holy Mass as part of the day's celebrations? This is the question that several friends have put to me over the past couple of weeks in light of some plans that seem to be in the works in their parishes.

This is a question that - so far as I know - the Magisterium of the Church has not specifically addressed (but it is likely a question no one seriously thought would actually have to be asked).

My personal answer to this question is simple: No.

Before I explain my reasoning, let me first make a distinction. It sometimes happens (so I'm told; I cannot remember yet seeing it) that a toddler is brought to Mass wearing a Superman costume or a princess dress or something similar because mom and/or dad simply does not have the energy left to fight that battle. That is sometimes understandable and is not the kind of costumes I have in mind. 

The costumes I have in mind are those of older children (and even of adults), those deliberately chosen for the purpose of going trick-or-treating in hopes of sweet loot and/or having a good time. They are those worn, perhaps, to an evening vigil Mass of All Saints' Day so as not to have to change into their costumes afterwards. They are worn to Mass so that others can see how cute, clever, or creative the costume is. I think you have the idea of what I mean.

With this distinction having been made, let me now offer three reasons why I think it inappropriate to wear a Halloween costume to the celebration of the Holy Mass: they pose an unnecessary distraction to others, they are duplicitous, and they can be scandalous to others.

An Unnecessary Distraction

Whenever we go to pray, most of us already unfortunately bring us many distractions that seem vie for the attention we intend to direct toward him who first loved us (see I John 4:10). There are the daily concerns that weigh us and even the concerns of the coming weeks, anything from travel plans to bills that we need to pay to the question of what we will eat for dinner. These distractions can be difficult enough for many to keep at bay; we do not to add another distraction to them unnecessarily by wearing costumes to Mass. 

In such a matter as this - not simply the question of Halloween costume but of other distractions besides - this poem found in the sacristy of the chapel of St. Joseph's Hospice in London:
Your God is listening
As His grateful friends adore 
Tread softly to His presence
And gently close the door.

A noise may change the current 
Of another’s train of thought
 And steal from God the glory 
Deep thinking would have brought. 

At Holy Mass you’re kneeling 
On Calvary’s lonely hill 
A God is dying for your sins 
For His sweet sake KEEP STILL.

Prayer comes with enough difficulties for some; we do not need to add to their difficulties.

Duplicity

Why do we wear costumes at Halloween? Despite the vague origins of this practice, the reason today is, I think, two fold: both to have fun and to pretend to be someone or something we are not. Children do this almost instinctively; it is part of playing, the work of children.

In his celebrated essay "On Fairy Stories," J.R.R. Tolkien - who knew a thing or two about children - rightly noted that the knowledge children have of the world
...is often so small that they cannot judge, off-hand and without help, between the fantastic, the strange (that is rare or remote facts), the nonsensical, and the merely 'grown-up' (that is ordinary things of their parents' world, much of which still remains unexplored. But they recognize the different classes, and may like all of them at times. Of course the borders between them are often fluctuating or confused...
For children, then, pretending is simply something that they do, without always realizing their game is not wholly consistent with reality, but, as Tolkien continued, "that is not only true for children." G.K. Chesterton perhaps put it best when he said that children "are simply human beings who are allowed to do what everyone else really desires to do." 

The difference here is that when children pretend to be someone else, they are doing it simply for one; when adults pretend to be someone else, they are doing it - often enough, at least - to live a duplicitous life.

Whenever we enter the presence of God, we should do so simply as we are, without any pretense whatever. Remember what Jesus said about the Apostle Bartholomew, who was also known as Nathaniel: "There is no duplicity in him" (John 1:47). (Some translations use the word "guile" in place of duplicity. In its original meaning, guile meant something like fraud, ruse, or trickery.) Benedict XVI pointed out that Jesus' words regarding Nathaniel hearkened back to the words of Kind David: "Blessed is the man to whom the LORD imputes no guilt, in whose spirit there is no deceit" (Psalm 32:2).

Children implicitly know that there are some times when dressing up and make believing are inappropriate. Adults know this, as well. Surely, of all times and places, the presence of God is the last place we should ever consider attempting to be someone we are not, that is, of being a hypocrite. This can be a fitting opportunity for parents to point out the importance of Jesus' words, that "not everyone who says to me, 'Lord, Lord,' will enter the kingdom of heaven" (Matthew 7:21).

Scandal

From a Catholic church in Aliso Viejo, CA nine years ago
Depending on how consideration someone puts into a costume and how much prudential thought is used when choosing a costume, what someone wears for Halloween - such as the costume worn by the woman at the right wears - could very well be scandalous to another person and be a stumbling block to his or her faith.

The photo quality is not very high, but, yes, that is a woman serving as an Extraordinary Minister of Holy Communion dressed as a devil. At best, it demonstrates a lack of prudence and good sense, together with little regard for the sacredness of the Eucharistic Lord. Such a costume should be expected to give scandal to the faithful.

Even if someone thinks such an argument unconvincing, the advice of Saint Paul concerning the eating of meat sacrificed to idols should be borne in mind: "...if food is a cause of my brother's failing, I will never eat meat, lest I cause my brother to fall" (I Corinthians 7:13).

Conclusion

Several other reasons could also be given to demonstrate why wearing a Halloween costume to the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass would be both unwise and inappropriate, but these should suffice for now.

31 October 2014

UPDATED (again): A Halloween Round Up

As we draw closer to the annual celebration of Halloween, we are likely to see repeated claims that Halloween is, at its root, pagan and even Satanic. This, of course, is simply not true and the origins of the celebrations as they have down to us today are a bit convoluted.

To help you prepare for Halloween and maybe to learn a little something or two, here are a few links that may be of interest to you (some of which I've posted before):

09 October 2014

A great idea for Halloween decorations

Though it's been quite a few years since I've done so, I've always enjoyed carving pumpkins for Halloween (though, rest assured, I don't have many artistic skills to employ when carving). Over the last several days I decided to carve a pumpkin to place in my window that over looks one of our courtyards at the Casa Santa Maria. But the more I thought about this the more I wondered if I can find a pumpkin in Rome (I don't remember seeing one last year, though I don't think I looked for one, either).

Against this backdrop you can imagine my delight when I saw this fantastic idea on the Facebook page of Hawaiian 105:


I know I can find a pineapple in Rome!

Incidentally, the picture came with this caption:
As Hallowaiian legend goes, a prince carved pineapple lanterns to trick the island spirits. This Hallowaiian, share a photo of a pineapple carving at your Hallowaiian Party and enter for a chance to win a trip to Hawaii at www.Hallowaiian.com

31 October 2013

31 October 2012

An excellent Halloween FAQ

Word on Fire today has what is perhaps the best and most thorough explanation of the origins of Halloween that I have ever seen.

This is a must-read post that should also be filed away for future reference.

28 October 2010

Hallowe'en is not a pagan festival. Period.

It often happens that people of good will but of little learning make certain conjectures and assumptions about what they see. In their ignorance, they spread falsehood. Such has often be the case with Hallowe'en.

The Priests' Secretary put up a post on Father Augustine Thompson's, O.P., excellent article, "Halloween: The Real Story!" I'm glad he did; I was going to post something about the article and he has saved me the trouble searching for it.

The text of his article follows, with my emphases:

We’ve all heard the allegations. Halloween is a pagan rite dating back to some pre-Christian festival among the Celtic Druids that escaped Church suppression. Even today modern pagans and witches continue to celebrate this ancient festival. If you let your kids go trick-or-treating, they will be worshiping the devil and pagan gods.

Nothing could be further from the truth. The origins of Halloween are, in fact, very Christian and rather American. Halloween falls on October 31 because of a pope, and its observances are the result of medieval Catholic piety.

It’s true that the ancient Celts of Ireland and Britain celebrated a minor festival on Oct. 31 — as they did on the last day of most other months of the year. However, Halloween falls on the last day of October because the Feast of All Saints or "All Hallows" falls on Nov. 1. The feast in honor of all the saints in heaven used to be celebrated on May 13, but Pope Gregory III (d. 741) moved it to Nov. 1, the dedication day of All Saints Chapel in St. Peter’s at Rome. Later, in the 840s, Pope Gregory IV commanded that All Saints be observed everywhere. And so the holy day spread to Ireland. The day before was the feast’s evening vigil, "All Hallows Even" or "Hallowe’en." In those days, Halloween didn’t have any special significance for Christians or for long-dead Celtic pagans.

In 998, St. Odilo, the abbot of the powerful monastery of Cluny in Southern France, added a celebration on Nov. 2. This was a day of prayer for the souls of all the faithful departed. This feast, called All Souls Day, spread from France to the rest of Europe.

So now the Church had feasts for all those in heaven and all those in purgatory? What about those in the other place? It seems Irish Catholic peasants wondered about the unfortunate souls in hell. After all, if the souls in hell are left out when we celebrate those in heaven and purgatory, they might be unhappy enough to cause trouble. So it became customary to bang pots and pans on All Hallows Even to let the damned know they were not forgotten. Thus, in Ireland, at least, all the dead came to be remembered — even if the clergy were not terribly sympathetic to Halloween and never allowed All Damned Day into the Church calendar.

But that still isn’t our celebration of Halloween. Our traditions on this holiday centers around dressing up in fanciful costumes, which isn’t Irish at all. Rather, this custom arose in France during the 14th and 15th centuries. Late medieval Europe was hit by repeated outbreaks of the bubonic plague — the Black Death — and she lost about half her population. It is not surprising that Catholics became more concerned about the afterlife. More Masses were said on All Souls’ Day, and artistic representations were devised to remind everyone of their own mortality.

We know these representations as the "Dance Macabre" or "Dance of Death," which was commonly painted on the walls of cemeteries and shows the devil leading a daisy chain of people — popes, kings, ladies, knights, monks, peasants, lepers, etc. — into the tomb. Sometimes the dance was presented on All Souls’ Day itself as a living tableau with people dressed up in the garb of various states of life. But the French dressed up on All Souls, not Halloween; and the Irish, who had Halloween, did not dress up. How the two became mingled probably happened first in the British colonies of North America during the 1700s when Irish and French Catholics began to intermarry. The Irish focus on hell gave the French masquerades and even more macabre twist.

But, as every young ghoul knows, dressing up isn’t the point; the point is getting as many goodies as possible. Where on earth did "trick or treat" come in?

"Trick or treat" is perhaps the oddest and most American addition to Halloween, and is the unwilling contribution of English Catholics.

During the penal period of the 1500s to the 1700s in England, Catholics had no legal rights. They could not hold office and were subject to fines, jail and heavy taxes. It was a capital offense to say Mass, and hundreds of priests were martyred.

Occasionally, English Catholics resisted, sometimes foolishly. One of the most foolish acts of resistance was a plot to blow up the Protestant King James I and his Parliament with gunpowder. This was supposed to trigger a Catholic uprising against their oppressors. The ill-conceived Gunpowder Plot was foiled on Nov. 5, 1605, when the man guarding the gunpowder, a reckless convert named Guy Fawkes, was captured and arrested. He was hanged; the plot fizzled.

Nov. 5, Guy Fawkes’ Day, became a great celebration in England, and so it remains. During the penal periods, bands of revelers would put on masks and visit local Catholics in the dead of night, demanding beer and cakes for their celebration: trick or treat!

Guy Fawkes’ Day arrived in the American colonies with the first English settlers. But, buy the time of the American Revolution, old King James and Guy Fawkes had pretty much been forgotten. Trick or treat, though, was too much fun to give up, so eventually it moved to Oct. 31, the day of the Irish-French masquerade. And in America, trick or treat wasn’t limited to Catholics.

The mixture of various immigrant traditions we know as Halloween had become a fixture in the Unites States by the early 1800s. To this day, it remains unknown in Europe, even in the countries from which some of the customs originated.

But what about witches? Well, they are one of the last additions. The greeting card industry added them in the late 1800s. Halloween was already "ghoulish," so why not give witches a place on greeting cards? The Halloween card failed (although it has seen a recent resurgence in popularity), but the witches stayed. So, too, in the late 1800s, ill-informed folklorists introduced the jack-o’-lantern. They thought that Halloween was druidic and pagan in origin. Lamps made from turnips (not pumpkins) had been part of ancient Celtic harvest festivals, so they were translated to the American Halloween celebration.

The next time someone claims that Halloween is a cruel trick to lure your children into devil worship, I suggest you tell them the real origin of All Hallows Even and invite them to discover its Christian significance, along with the two greater and more important Catholic festivals that follow it.

29 October 2009

On Halloween

Over at The Catholic Thing, Sally Thomas comments well on the drama of Halloween:

What their costumes are is less important than the fact that, for a night, my children will be people other than themselves: each of them will be someone who, regardless of real-life fears about the dark, is not afraid to step out into the night. Armored inside their personae, they can laugh at the shadows, as well they should. On the one hand, the powers of darkness are no joke; on the other hand, although Christians have no traffic with these powers, we do not fear them [more].
Be sure to have a read.

Update: The above link has now been corrected. Apparently Sally Thomas wrote this piece not at The Catholic Thing, as I initially said, but at First Things. My apologies.