Following the recent appointment of Father José RodrÃguez Carballo, then Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor, as Secretary of the Congregation for Institutes of Religious Life, the Presidents and Vice Presidents of the various language groups within the Order met today in Rome to elect a new Minister General.
The sons of Saint Francis of Assisi have elected the Vicar General of the Order, Father Michael Perry, a native of Indianapolis and a member of the Sacred Heart Province out of St. Louis, Missouri.
I am happy to count many of these friars as my friends - in fact, the Bishop and I just recently stayed with four of them in Quincy - and I warmly congratulate them and promise my prayers for them and especially for Father Michael as he assumes his new responsibilities.
22 May 2013
16 May 2013
Religious freedom given to Christians 1,700 years ago
Catholic World News today reports on a joint initiative of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople and the Council of the Bishops' Conferences of Europe to mark the 1,700th anniversary of the famed Edictum Mediolanense, the Edict of Milan of the Emperor Constantine I, in Istanbul this May 17-18. This news caught me quite off guard; somehow the anniversary of this document that truly changed the world escaped my notice.
The issuance of the Edict of Milan is one of those moments in history of which everyone should be aware, so great were its consequences.
The Edict itself was drawn up in Milan by the Emperors Constantine I (of the West) and Licinius (of the East) in February of 313 and proclaimed in June 313 at Nicomedia. Following its formal announcement, the Edict was sent throughout the Roman Empire and its shock waves and ripple effects continue to our own day, even if these waters of change are beginning to be recede and, in some instances, being dammed up.
Building upon the Emperor Galerius' Edict of Toleration, which he issued in the year 311, that granted to Christians the tolerance "be Christians and may hold their conventicles [meetings or assemblies], provided they do nothing contrary to good order." The Edict of Milan went even further and granted "to the Christians and others full authority to observe that religion which each preferred." What is more, the Emperors Constantine I and Licinius declared:
You will often find textbooks that claim Constantine I made Christianity the official religion of the Empire; this is simply false. Constantine I did not make Christianity the official religion of the Empire, but made it a legal religion in the Empire; a Christian could no longer be persecuted legally because of his faith in Jesus Christ.
It was the Emperor Theodosius I (r. 379-395) who, on 27 February 380, with his Edict of Thessalonica, made Christianity the "official" religion of the Roman Empire when he decreed that the citizens of the Empire "should continue to the profession of that religion which was delivered to the Romans by the divine Apostle Peter, as it has been preserved by faithful tradition and which is now professed by the Pontiff Damasus [r. 366-384]."
What is more, Theodosius I declared in the same document that those who did not profess the faith of the Apostle Peter "shall be branded with the ignominious name of heretics, and shall not presume to give their conventicles [meetings or assemblies] the name of churches."
How so many textbooks - written by those who claim to be historians - could confuse and conflate two key historical events separated by 67 years is beyond me.
It is curious how 1,700 years after a decree was issued that granted religious freedom to Christians that same freedom is now slowly - though increasingly - being stripped away from Christians.
The issuance of the Edict of Milan is one of those moments in history of which everyone should be aware, so great were its consequences.
The Edict itself was drawn up in Milan by the Emperors Constantine I (of the West) and Licinius (of the East) in February of 313 and proclaimed in June 313 at Nicomedia. Following its formal announcement, the Edict was sent throughout the Roman Empire and its shock waves and ripple effects continue to our own day, even if these waters of change are beginning to be recede and, in some instances, being dammed up.
Building upon the Emperor Galerius' Edict of Toleration, which he issued in the year 311, that granted to Christians the tolerance "be Christians and may hold their conventicles [meetings or assemblies], provided they do nothing contrary to good order." The Edict of Milan went even further and granted "to the Christians and others full authority to observe that religion which each preferred." What is more, the Emperors Constantine I and Licinius declared:
In short, the Edict of Milan not only made Christianity a legal religion within the Roman Empire, but also restored to the Christians those properties which had been confiscated from them (why Constantine generally receives the credit for the edict and Licinius does not, I do not know).Therefore, your Worship should know that it has pleased us to remove all conditions whatsoever, which were in the rescripts formerly given to you officially, concerning the Christians and now any one of these who wishes to observe Christian religion may do so freely and openly, without molestation. We thought it fit to commend these things most fully to your care that you may know that we have given to those Christians free and unrestricted opportunity of religious worship. When you see that this has been granted to them by us, your Worship will know that we have also conceded to other religions the right of open and free observance of their worship for the sake of the peace of our times, that each one may have the free opportunity to worship as he pleases ; this regulation is made we that we may not seem to detract from any dignity or any religion.
Moreover, in the case of the Christians especially we esteemed it best to order that if it happems anyone heretofore has bought from our treasury from anyone whatsoever, those places where they were previously accustomed to assemble, concerning which a certain decree had been made and a letter sent to you officially, the same shall be restored to the Christians without payment or any claim of recompense and without any kind of fraud or deception, Those, moreover, who have obtained the same by gift, are likewise to return them at once to the Christians. Besides, both those who have purchased and those who have secured them by gift, are to appeal to the vicar if they seek any recompense from our bounty, that they may be cared for through our clemency,. All this property ought to be delivered at once to the community of the Christians through your intercession, and without delay. And since these Christians are known to have possessed not only those places in which they were accustomed to assemble, but also other property, namely the churches, belonging to them as a corporation and not as individuals, all these things which we have included under the above law, you will order to be restored, without any hesitation or controversy at all, to these Christians, that is to say to the corporations and their conventicles: providing, of course, that the above arrangements be followed so that those who return the same without payment, as we have said, may hope for an indemnity from our bounty. In all these circumstances you ought to tender your most efficacious intervention to the community of the Christians, that our command may be carried into effect as quickly as possible, whereby, moreover, through our clemency, public order may be secured [more].
You will often find textbooks that claim Constantine I made Christianity the official religion of the Empire; this is simply false. Constantine I did not make Christianity the official religion of the Empire, but made it a legal religion in the Empire; a Christian could no longer be persecuted legally because of his faith in Jesus Christ.
It was the Emperor Theodosius I (r. 379-395) who, on 27 February 380, with his Edict of Thessalonica, made Christianity the "official" religion of the Roman Empire when he decreed that the citizens of the Empire "should continue to the profession of that religion which was delivered to the Romans by the divine Apostle Peter, as it has been preserved by faithful tradition and which is now professed by the Pontiff Damasus [r. 366-384]."
What is more, Theodosius I declared in the same document that those who did not profess the faith of the Apostle Peter "shall be branded with the ignominious name of heretics, and shall not presume to give their conventicles [meetings or assemblies] the name of churches."
How so many textbooks - written by those who claim to be historians - could confuse and conflate two key historical events separated by 67 years is beyond me.
It is curious how 1,700 years after a decree was issued that granted religious freedom to Christians that same freedom is now slowly - though increasingly - being stripped away from Christians.
Labels:
Constantine,
Edict of Milan,
Edict of Thessalonica,
Theodosius
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12 May 2013
For my mother
Happy Mother's Day, Mom!
11 May 2013
Lessons from Father Damien on living in a land that is not your own
I know I am a little late with this post, but I've been pondering it for a few days. Father Damien is generally not very far from my thoughts, not least of all on his feast day, and I frequently find myself calling upon his intercession.
Father Damien arrived at the Kalawao leper settlement on the Kalaupapa peninsula of the island of Molokai 140 years ago this past Friday, where he spent the remaining 16 years of life. He arrived in Hawaii 9 years earlier after a 5-month voyage at sea from his beloved home and family.
As you read through the letters he wrote to his family back in Belgium, you soon become aware of how isolated from them he felt. Naturally, in those days communication was not as swift as it is in our day of telephones, airplanes, e-mail, Facebook, Skype, and Face Time. Not only did you have to wait for the length of the voyage for a letter to reach the one to whom you wrote, but you first had to find a carrier heading at least in the general direction of where your letter needed to go. You can imagine how this was not always timely, particularly if someone moved after you sent the letter.
As I look now to the beginning of my new assignment in the Eternal City - among a culture that is not my own and among a people whose language I do not yet know well, and a quarter of the world away from home, family, and friends - I find myself turning to Father Damien to learn from his example. I think particularly of one letter he wrote to his sister who was a nun in Holland:
I can only imagine the pain that he must have felt at such a lack of correspondence from home, especially when some of his letters went left unanswered Certainly his love for his family did not diminish with the passage of years, as we learn from others of his letters, but how did he endure this isolation from his family and friends whom he left behind in service of the Gospel?
The answer, really, is quite simple. Just after he left Belgium he wrote a letter home before embarking on the journey to what were then known as the Sandwich Islands, in which he reminded his parents:
Even with the greater ease and the swiftness of modern communications, and with the ability to return home once or twice a year, this is a lesson I will continually ask him to teach me.
Please don't think that I am dreading my new assignment; I am looking forward to it, though I do know that there will be some particular hardships that come with it, the separation from family and friends for a great length of time being perhaps the greatest of them.
Concerning the arrival of letters that did come from home, Father Damien once commented:
In the past, I haven't used Skype very much; now I will have to make frequent use of it.
On my desk in my office is a statue of Father Damien that I touched to his relic in the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace. As I begin considering what I will bring with me to Rome, this statue will certainly be among the first things packed.
Father Damien arrived at the Kalawao leper settlement on the Kalaupapa peninsula of the island of Molokai 140 years ago this past Friday, where he spent the remaining 16 years of life. He arrived in Hawaii 9 years earlier after a 5-month voyage at sea from his beloved home and family.
As you read through the letters he wrote to his family back in Belgium, you soon become aware of how isolated from them he felt. Naturally, in those days communication was not as swift as it is in our day of telephones, airplanes, e-mail, Facebook, Skype, and Face Time. Not only did you have to wait for the length of the voyage for a letter to reach the one to whom you wrote, but you first had to find a carrier heading at least in the general direction of where your letter needed to go. You can imagine how this was not always timely, particularly if someone moved after you sent the letter.
As I look now to the beginning of my new assignment in the Eternal City - among a culture that is not my own and among a people whose language I do not yet know well, and a quarter of the world away from home, family, and friends - I find myself turning to Father Damien to learn from his example. I think particularly of one letter he wrote to his sister who was a nun in Holland:
Three years now, and not a line from you. Where are you then, my dear sister? Are you off to Heaven already? Not so fast, if you please. A little more time is needed to win that crown. Take pity then on your poor brother, who, by dint of being so long forgotten, will soon become a regular savage among savages. Well, I certainly love my savages, who soon will be more civilized than Europeans. They are learning to read and write.Another time he answered a letter from his parents, saying that "for a long time I have been distressed and in suspense about you, not knowing what might have happened. I learn to my great joy that you are in good health."
I can only imagine the pain that he must have felt at such a lack of correspondence from home, especially when some of his letters went left unanswered Certainly his love for his family did not diminish with the passage of years, as we learn from others of his letters, but how did he endure this isolation from his family and friends whom he left behind in service of the Gospel?
The answer, really, is quite simple. Just after he left Belgium he wrote a letter home before embarking on the journey to what were then known as the Sandwich Islands, in which he reminded his parents:
Henceforward we shall not have the happiness of seeing one another, but we shall always be united by that tender love which we bear to one another.He knew that this love has its origin in the love of God. So it is that I find my thoughts turning once again to the most profound words he ever put to paper:
I find my consolation in the one and only companion who will never leave me, that is, our Divine Saviour in the Holy Eucharist. . . .It is at the foot of the altar that we find the strength necessary in this isolation of ours. Without the Blessed Sacrament a position like mine would be unbearable. But, having Our Lord at my side, I continue always to be happy and content. . . . Jesus in the Blessed Sacrament is the most tender of friends with souls who seek to please Him. His goodness knows how to proportion itself to the smallest of His creatures as to the greatest of them. Be not afraid then in your solitary conversations, to tell Him of your miseries, your fears, your worries, of those who are dear to you, of your projects, and of your hopes. Do so with confidence and with an open heart.He endured the separation from his loved ones back home through his closeness to Jesus Christ present in the Blessed Sacrament.
Even with the greater ease and the swiftness of modern communications, and with the ability to return home once or twice a year, this is a lesson I will continually ask him to teach me.
Please don't think that I am dreading my new assignment; I am looking forward to it, though I do know that there will be some particular hardships that come with it, the separation from family and friends for a great length of time being perhaps the greatest of them.
Concerning the arrival of letters that did come from home, Father Damien once commented:
It is a great happiness to me whenever I have an opportunity of sending news of myself, of reminding you, my dear parents, that on an island in the midst of the great Pacific, you have a son who loves you and a priest who prays for you.I will soon echo these sentiments not from an island in the Pacific, but from an ancient city on the Italian peninsula.
In the past, I haven't used Skype very much; now I will have to make frequent use of it.
On my desk in my office is a statue of Father Damien that I touched to his relic in the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace. As I begin considering what I will bring with me to Rome, this statue will certainly be among the first things packed.
A new assignment decreed
Each time a priest receives a new ecclesiastical assignment he receives a decree from his Bishop which makes it official.
When I stopped in at my office yesterday morning I found the Decree of Appointment sitting on my desk. The text of the decree reads as follows:
When I stopped in at my office yesterday morning I found the Decree of Appointment sitting on my desk. The text of the decree reads as follows:
DECREE OF APPOINTMENT
By this decree, I appoint
THE REVEREND DAREN J. ZEHNLE
to graduate studies in canon law at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome, with residence at the Casa Santa Maria of the Pontifical North American College, Rome, from Priest Secretary and Master of Ceremonies to the Bishop, and Associate Director of the Office for Vocations, effective July 1, 2013.
/s/ Most Reverend Thomas John Paprocki
Bishop of Springfield in Illinois
May 9, 2013
Springfield, IllinoisNow it will be filed away with the other Decrees of Appointment I have received.
07 May 2013
From the See City to the Eternal City
Speaking
today to his priests at the annual Jubilee
Day, the Most Reverend Thomas John Paprocki, Bishop of Springfield in
Illinois, announced a series of new priestly assignments to take effect July 1,
2013, most of which will be announced in the parishes this weekend.
Since
the 11th of January 2010, I have served as Priest Secretary and
Master of Ceremonies to the Bishop and as Associate Director of the Office for
Vocations, both positions which I have much enjoyed.
However,
as His Excellency has seen fit to send me to obtain a Licentiate in Canon Law (J.C.L.)
at the Pontifical Gregorian
University in Rome, I will soon conclude my present assignments. While in Rome for the next three years, I
will reside at the Casa Santa
Maria, the house for American priests studying in the Eternal City.
Prior
to the beginning of this course of studies in October, I will study the Italian
language for six weeks at the Academia
Lingua Italiana in Assisi, the home of Saints Francis and Clare, beginning July 22nd, and will reside for the
length of these studies at the Casa Papa Giovanni.
I
am particularly grateful to Bishop Paprocki for his many kindnesses to me these
past several years, most especially for this kindness which surpasses them all:
and for the confidence he has placed in me.
Bishop
Paprocki first mentioned this coming assignment to me, if memory serves, sometime
in November and shortly thereafter several friends were asking me to witness their
weddings, assist at retreats, or baptize their children. Declining their invitations was not easy,
both because I very much wanted to accept them and because I could not tell
them why I could not join them for these happy occasions. I am glad now to be able to make the
assignment public.
As
you can well imagine, several tasks now lie before me, not the least of which
is packing my earthly possessions and deciding which I will bring with me and
which I will leave behind, and where they will stay in my absence, not to
mention determining a good “home base” for return visits home. The vast majority of my possessions consists
of books, which, thanks be to God, are not terribly difficult to store. My coming move will provide a much looked for
opportunity to begin discarding things to which I have paid little attention
over the years and really only serve to take up space.
It
is a curious way how the Lord brings people into your life for a time and then
reconnects you years later.
During
my time in Effingham, I was happy to make the acquaintance of two families in
Italy through students in a foreign exchange program at the high school; one of
the families lives in Rome (with whom I
was able to visit a year ago February) and the other in the north of Italy.
I
also recently learned that one of my classmates at Mundelein Seminary will also
be going to Rome this Fall for advanced studies. When we spent a month in Rome on pilgrimage,
he and I often travelled about the city together with a few others; it will be good to so with him again.
Bishop
Paprocki is also sending one of our seminarians, Michael Friedel, to the Pontifical North American College, the American
seminary in Rome.
Initially
I thought I would be heading to Rome on my own for three years, which felt a
bit daunting, but the Lord seems to have taken care of this concern for me.
As
I look ahead to the coming weeks, I ask your prayers for me. The next three years will be a great and
unexpected adventure, one which I welcome.
It
has not been easy to keep this news quiet these past several months, but in
some way I will still have to keep it quiet.
Since Saturday afternoon my voice has taken a bit of a vacation – to where
I do not know. Today I am able to make a
few vocal noises but no words. I expect
to be able to speak again on Thursday, or Friday at the latest. So if you happen to call and I do not answer,
now you know why.
04 May 2013
Seminarians run for vocations
Today, five seminarians of the Diocese of Springfield in Illinois ran in the Indianapolis half-marathon as a way to pray for vocations:
One of the runners, Dominic Rankin, has a post on his blog, Open Wide the Doors for Christ, describing his experience of the run.
I am happy to hear that they all completed the race and are doing well. Congratulations, gentlemen; well done!
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| Mark Tracy, Michael Meinhart Willie Jansen II, Dominic Vahling, and Dominic Rankin |
I am happy to hear that they all completed the race and are doing well. Congratulations, gentlemen; well done!
A note of thanks
In some ways the act of writing a note of thanks can be learned, and in aspects it is certainly an art at which some people excel and others manage reasonably well.
Today I received a grateful note from one of our seminarians, who writes in part:
After two days spent largely on the highway driving through the rain up and down the State of Illinois, and after realizing that I have lost my voice, these words brought a great smile and a good laugh.
Today I received a grateful note from one of our seminarians, who writes in part:
I have really enjoyed the times you have taken us out to eat this year and more importantly, the 2 times you cooked for us. Most of all, thanks for sharing your time, knowledge, opinions and nerdyness with us. I have really come to love hearing your thoughts on various topics.Whether he spelled "nerdyness" properly or not, neither spell check nor I know with certainty, though it seems to me it should be spelled "nerdiness."
After two days spent largely on the highway driving through the rain up and down the State of Illinois, and after realizing that I have lost my voice, these words brought a great smile and a good laugh.
01 May 2013
Novena to Saint Damien
Nine days from now - on May 10th - we will observe the memorial of my favorite saint, Saint Damien de Vuester.
To help us prepare for this great day, someone - I cannot remember on which blog I saw this - has posted a link to a Novena to Father Damien, which begins today (I'm sorry I'm so late with this!).
Incidentally, the celebration this year will mark the 140th anniversary of Father Damien's arrival at Kalaupapa.
To help us prepare for this great day, someone - I cannot remember on which blog I saw this - has posted a link to a Novena to Father Damien, which begins today (I'm sorry I'm so late with this!).
Incidentally, the celebration this year will mark the 140th anniversary of Father Damien's arrival at Kalaupapa.
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